Amazon Basin Polities (1240s)

Timeline

1. 1241–1245River valleys between Santarém and Manaus · Amazon BasinArchaeological mounds (types such as sápucaia and monte) indicate permanent settlements and public buildings; terra preta soil management supported cultivation of cassava, palms, and fruit trees, with population densities remaining high in the first half of the 1240s.
2. 1246–1250Confluence of the Negro and Solimões rivers · Amazon BasinCanoes plied main channels and tributaries exchanging pottery, feathers, stone axes, and salt; various chiefdoms maintained political ties through marriage alliances and seasonal gatherings. Indirect trade routes linking the eastern Andean slopes and the Caribbean coast remained active into the late 1240s.