Peak of the Nazca Culture

Timeline

1. 100–250Nazca Valley · PeruBuilding on the Paracas civilization, the Nazca culture perfected coastal irrigation systems and agricultural techniques, pottery making grew increasingly refined, and social stratification and religious ritual activities became ever more complex.
2. 200–500Nazca Lines · PeruGiant lines, geometric shapes, and animal figures drawn across arid plains formed a distinctive ritual landscape, possibly linked to astronomical observation, water-source rituals, and pilgrimage routes, becoming the Nazca culture's most iconic achievement.
3. 300–500Cahuachi · PeruProduction of polychrome naturalistic-style pottery surged with rich religious and mythological themes; feathers, metals, and stone were obtained through coastal and highland trade, and cultural centers such as Cahuachi show mature social organization, with the culture gradually declining around 500 CE.