1620s Zaydi revolt in Yemen (1627 southern breakthrough)

Timeline

1. 1597–1620Sada · YemenAl-Mansur al-Qasim rebuilt Zaydi imam rule in northern Yemen from 1597, captured Sada in 1617, reached a truce with the Ottomans in 1619, and controlled the highlands between Sanaa and Sada; at his death in 1620 Sanaa and the Tihama still belonged to the Ottomans.
2. 1626–1627Tihama lowlands · YemenAfter succeeding in 1620 al-Mu'ayyad Muhammad maintained a fragile truce with the Ottomans; in 1626, after the Ottomans executed a religious scholar negotiating in Sanaa, the imam called northern tribes to revolt, seized the Fayfah Mountains, swept most of the Tihama, and besieged Ottoman-held Sanaa.
3. 1627Aden · YemenIn 1627 Zaydi forces seized southern ports including Aden and Lahij; Ottoman Pasha 'Abd al-Din led a failed suppression and was forced to retreat to Mocha, while the Ottomans were also tied down by Shah Abbas I in Iraq and the quality of the Yemen garrison deteriorated, bringing the revolt to a decisive phase.
4. 1628–1634Sanaa · YemenImam's forces captured Sanaa in 1628–1629 and Zubid in 1634, and the Ottomans fully withdrew from Yemen around 1636; tribal forces widely armed with firearms, combined with local resentment of heavy Ottoman taxes, established independent Zaydi Qasimid rule over Yemen.