Cusco, Inca capital

Timeline

1. 1561–1563Cusco and Vilcabamba · PeruThe pro-Spanish Inca puppet Sayri Túpac died near Cusco; his brother Titu Cusi declared himself 'Inca' at Vilcabamba, again shaking the fragile coexistence between colonial authorities and residual Inca forces, and highlighting Cusco's status as the symbolic capital contested by both sides.
2. 1562–1568City of Cusco and surrounding Inca estates · CuscoSpanish colonists imposed mita labor obligations from the Cochabamba silver mines and the Potosí district on indigenous communities around Cusco; a Catholic church built on the Temple of the Sun site stood alongside colonial offices, as the Inca capital was transformed into a colonial administrative node for extracting Andean labor and minerals.
3. 1569–1570Cusco · CuscoBefore Francisco de Toledo took office as viceroy of Peru in 1569, indigenous uprisings and infighting among colonists were frequent around Cusco; colonial authorities tightened control of the city's entrances and storehouses, preparing for the subsequent full implementation of the 'reducción' policy and the final conquest of Vilcabamba.