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Pope Callixtus II

Type Figure Region France Time c. 1065–1124 Also known as Callixtus II、Calixtus II、Guy de Bourgogne、纪·德·勃艮第

Pope Callixtus II (c. 1065–1124), born Guy, of Burgundian origin, was formerly Archbishop of Vienne.

Timeline

  1. c. 1065–1119Burgundy · BurgundyCallixtus II was born Guy to a Burgundian noble family and received a good ecclesiastical education. He later rose to Archbishop of Vienne, was known for his diplomatic skill, and in the Investiture Controversy mediated between church and empire on all sides.
  2. 1119–1121Reims · ReimsAfter the death of Gelasius II in 1119, Guy was elected pope at Reims and took the name Callixtus II. After his election he actively sought the support of King Louis VI of France and gradually restored the curia's safe room to operate in France, creating conditions for negotiations with the empire.
  3. 1121–1122Worms · WormsIn September 1122 Callixtus II and Henry V reached an agreement at Worms: the emperor renounced investiture with ring and crozier, bishops were consecrated by the church after election, and the emperor retained only symbolic honors. The concordat ended the Investiture Controversy that had lasted decades and became an important milestone in medieval church-state relations.
  4. 1123–1124Rome · RomeHe presided over the First Lateran Council in 1123, issuing decrees banning simony and curbing clerical marriage and disorderly private lives. In his later years he returned to Rome to consolidate papal authority and died in Rome on December 13, 1124.

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