Uzbek–Safavid Conflict

Timeline

1. 1541–1546Mashhad · KhorasanUzbek khans led their forces south repeatedly to raid Khorasan, threatening the Shia holy city of Mashhad and the trade routes along the way. Safavid frontier troops and local governors resisted with difficulty under shortages of men and supplies, and border towns were repeatedly devastated.
2. 1545–1550Herat · AfghanistanThe Safavids dispatched princes and generals to organize a counterattack along the Herat line, attempting to recover or secure frontier fortresses. Although the Uzbek threat was not fully eliminated, the eastern front eased somewhat by the late 1540s, laying the groundwork for a long-term standoff.