Narathihapate

Timeline

1. 1256–1270Bagan · Mandalay RegionAfter Narathihapate succeeded in 1256, the empire still maintained control over the Irrawaddy basin, but rebellions broke out successively in Arakan in the west and Pegu in the south. During this period the Yuan dynasty repeatedly sent envoys demanding tribute, all of which Narathihapate refused, sowing the seeds of future conflict.
2. 1271–1277Ngasaunggyan · northern borderKublai Khan sent envoys demanding tribute in 1271 and 1273 without success. In 1277 Narathihapate sent troops to raid Kaungai, which had already submitted to the Yuan, and was defeated by Yuan forces from Yunnan in what is known as the Battle of Ngasaunggyan. This battle allowed the Mongols to consolidate the northern border, and Pagan's northern defenses began to crumble.
3. 1283–1287Lower Myanmar · MyanmarFrom 1283 to 1285 Mongol forces captured northern forts; in 1285 Narathihapate abandoned Pagan and fled south, earning the name 'the king who fled from the Mongols'. In early 1287 a mission in Beijing acknowledged Yuan suzerainty and agreed on tribute, but on the king's return journey he was assassined on July 1 by the governor of Pegu, his second son Thihathu, and the 250-year-old Pagan Empire disintegrated.