Scottish Claymore (Two-Handed Great Sword)

Timeline

1. c. 1541–1545Scottish Highlands · HighlandsIn the early 1540s Highland clan warriors commonly equipped the two-handed claymore as their main close-combat weapon; the four-lobed crossguard and long blade became standardized in forging traditions at Glasgow, Inverness, and elsewhere, becoming a symbol of clan military identity.
2. c. 1546–1550Anglo-Scottish border — Southern Highlands · BorderDuring the Rough Wooing launched by England's Henry VIII in 1546–1550, mixed Highland and Lowland Scottish forces used the two-handed claymore together with round shields and light cavalry for raids and close-quarters fighting, leaving abundant physical and documentary records in battles such as Solway Firth.