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Philip II of Macedon

Type Figure Region Macedon Time c. -382–-336 Also known as Philip II (Macedon)

King of Macedon who reformed the military and state, built a standing army and phalanx tactics, conquered Thrace, defeated Athens and Thebes at Chaer…

Timeline

  1. c. -382–-359Pella · MacedonOf the Macedonian royal house, he was exiled to Illyria amid court turmoil in his youth, returned as regent, gradually consolidated power, became king in 359 BCE, and began reforming domestic affairs.
  2. -359–-346Northern Macedon and Thrace · MacedonHe built a standing army, improved combined phalanx-and-cavalry tactics, conquered Thrace and seized its gold mines, while using marriage and diplomacy to intervene in Greek city-state disputes, raising Macedon's standing in the Greek world.
  3. -346–-336Corinth · PeloponneseAfter defeating the Athenian-Theban alliance at Chaeronea, he convened the League of Corinth and became its leader, planning the expedition against Persia; he also arranged for Alexander to serve as regent and hired Aristotle as his tutor.
  4. -336Aegae · MacedonWhile celebrating his daughter Cleopatra's wedding at Aegae, he was stabbed to death by his bodyguard Pausanias; the motives, involving court grudges and political conspiracy, remain debated by scholars.

Sources