Swiss Confederation Expansion and Consolidation (1390s)

Timeline

1. 1390–1393Graubünden and the eastern frontier · SwitzerlandFollowing the Battle of Sempach in 1386 and the Battle of Näfels in 1388, the Confederation's cantons continued in the early 1390s to resist Habsburg recovery attempts, establishing effective control over the Alpine passes.
2. 1394–1398Swiss Plateau · SwitzerlandThrough perpetual alliance treaties the Confederation absorbed surrounding towns and rural communities, widening its membership and mutual defense obligations and forming a more cohesive political-military union.
3. 1398–1400Bern · SwitzerlandMember cantons deliberated on joint diplomatic and military action in the federal assembly, with local autonomy and inter-cantonal cooperation mechanisms growing increasingly mature, providing an institutional framework for further expansion in the 15th century.