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Toghan Temür

Type Figure Region Mongolia Time c. 1360–1388 Also known as Ulus Temür、Northern Yuan Tianyuan Emperor

Toghan Temür (c. 1360–1388) was a Northern Yuan khagan, son of Yuan emperor Toghon Temür.…

Timeline

  1. c. 1361–1370Shangdu · Inner MongoliaToghan Temür was a son of Toghon Temür, growing up in the imperial clan environment of the steppe south and north of the Gobi after the Yuan emperor moved north. After the Ming dynasty was established in 1368 and the Yuan lost the Central Plains, he held the position of heir within the Northern Yuan regime alongside his father.
  2. 1378–1388Buir Nor · Northern YuanIn 1378 Toghan Temür acceded, changing the era name to Tianyuan, attempting to maintain Northern Yuan integration of the Mongol tribes. However powerful ministers carved out fiefdoms internally and Ming northern campaign pressure grew; in 1388 Ming general Lan Yu led a surprise attack at Buir Nor, Toghan Temür was defeated and killed, and the Northern Yuan unified order further disintegrated.

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