End of the Ottoman-Safavid Peace System and Renewal of War in 1623

Timeline

1. 1618–1622Serav (Sarab) · East AzerbaijanThe 1618 Treaty of Serav confirmed the borders set by the 1612 Treaty of Nasuh Pasha; the Safavids recovered lost Caucasian territories and pledged an annual tribute of a hundred bales of silk. For the next decade the two sides maintained nominal peace, but border raids and sectarian friction never ceased.
2. 1622–1623Istanbul · MarmaraIn May 1622 Osman II was deposed and killed by the Janissaries; the empire fell into regency and provincial revolts (such as the Abaza Mehmed Pasha uprising), severely weakening border defenses and diplomatic oversight, so the truce mechanism on which the Treaty of Serav relied effectively failed.
3. 1623Mesopotamian border · MesopotamiaIn 1623 both sides accused each other of violating the Treaty of Serav; the Safavids exploited Ottoman internal disorder to advance toward the Azerbaijani and Iraqi borders, diplomatic protests between Istanbul and Isfahan proved futile, the truce formally ended, and the full-scale Ottoman-Safavid war of 1623–1639 broke out.