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Uzun Hasan and Aq Qoyunlu Hegemony in the 1470s

Type Event Region Asia Time 1470–1478

In the 1470s, Aq Qoyunlu leader Uzun Hasan pushed his power to its peak, defeating Timurid remnants, controlling Azerbaijan and most of Iraq, and all…

Timeline

  1. 1469–1471Karabakh · AzerbaijanUzun Hasan annihilated the main Timurid army of Sultan Abu Sa'id at Karabakh, making Aq Qoyunlu the dominant power in the Caucasus and western Iran. He then integrated Azerbaijan, the Persian Gulf coast, and the Iraqi corridors, laying the foundation for an eastward push into Anatolia.
  2. 1464–1473Tabriz · IranTo check the Ottomans, Venice formed a military alliance with Uzun Hasan, promising funds and ships. Envoys such as Caterino Zeno traveled back and forth to Tabriz, encouraging Aq Qoyunlu to invade Anatolia from the east and creating a two-front pressure on the Ottomans. This alliance was a key link in the Mediterranean–Anatolian diplomatic landscape of the 1470s.
  3. 1471–1478Erzincan · TurkeyIn 1471 Uzun Hasan invaded the Ottoman eastern frontier, taking Erzincan and other places; after the defeat at Otlukbeli in 1473 he still retained control of the Caucasus and Iraq. By his death in 1478, Aq Qoyunlu's territory stretched from the Caucasus in the west to the Persian Gulf in the east and menaced the Ottoman eastern front in the north, reaching its 15th-century peak.

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