Final collapse of the Marib Dam

Timeline

1. 540–560Marib Dam · YemenDuring the Himyar period the dam continued to be raised and repaired. English Wikipedia records major documented collapses in 449, 450, 542 and 548, with repairs increasingly burdensome; the last documented restoration was around 557. Marib was the earlier capital of the Sabaean kingdom; the Himyarite capital was Zafar, so Marib should not be called the Himyarite capital.
2. 570–575Marib · YemenAround 570 or 575 CE the dam overflowed again, and this time it was never repaired. The final destruction of the dam is mentioned in the Quran 34:15–17. Traditional legends explain it by prophecy or rats gnawing the dam, which are narrative rather than verifiable engineering causes.
3. 571–580Northern Arabian Peninsula · Arabian PeninsulaArab historiographical tradition links the collapse of irrigation after the dam's failure to the northward migration of South Arabian tribes. The same entry also records that some scholars date the Quranic flood to a collapse around 145 BCE, and that migrations were already recorded in the 2nd–3rd centuries. Therefore the northward migration cannot be pinned down as a single wave of 571–580.