Founding of the Han dynasty

Timeline

1. -202Gaixia · AnhuiLiu Bang united the lords' armies to rout Xiang Yu at Gaixia; the Chu forces collapsed and Xiang Yu cut his own throat at the Wu River, bringing all under Han and clearing the last obstacle to formally founding the state.
2. -202Dingtao · ShandongLiu Bang assumed the imperial title at Dingtao, taking the state name Han as Emperor Gaozu of Han, formally proclaiming the establishment of the Han dynasty and ending the fragmentation of warlords since the late Qin.
3. -202–-200Chang'an · ShaanxiLiu Bang chose Guanzhong and established the capital at Chang'an, adopting the Qin system of the Three Excellencies and Nine Ministers while enfeoffing both surname and non-surname vassal kings, forming the parallel commanderies-and-kingdoms structure and implementing policies of recuperation.