Delhi Sultanate

Timeline

1. 1206–1290Delhi · DelhiDescendants of Ghurid generals seized power through a military slave elite, establishing sultanate rule centered on Delhi; sultans such as Iltutmish consolidated control over the Gangetic plain and resisted Mongol invasions.
2. 1290–1414Indian subcontinent · IndiaAlauddin Khalji campaigned into the Deccan and reformed finances and the military; the Tughlaq dynasty briefly unified a vast territory but capital-transfer experiments and later rebellions weakened the center, and Timur's sack of Delhi in 1398 caused major devastation.
3. 1414–1526Delhi · DelhiSayyid and Lodi sultans restored rule at Delhi and controlled the Punjab corridor, but factional divisions weakened their military; in 1526 Ibrahim Lodi was defeated by Babur, a descendant of Timur, at the First Battle of Panipat, ending the polity.