Portuguese-Persian Rivalry over Hormuz

Timeline

1. 1515Island of Hormuz · IranAfter Albuquerque's capture of Hormuz in 1507, the Portuguese viceroyalty kept expanding the castle and garrisoning troops, and around 1515 tightened inspections and tariff collection on ships entering and leaving the strait; the local Arab rulers were reduced to vassals.
2. 1515Northern shore of the Persian Gulf · Persian GulfAfter his defeat at Chaldiran, Ismail I could not launch large-scale reconquest campaigns, but sent fleets and coastal tribes to harass Portuguese merchant ships, and encouraged merchants in Basra and Jeddah to switch to overland routes, weakening Hormuz's entrepôt trade.
3. 1515Strait of Hormuz · Strait of HormuzPortuguese patrol vessels intercepted non-allied merchant ships in the strait, forcing Mamluk and Gujarat Sultanate caravans to pay high transit fees or detour. The struggle for control of Persian Gulf trade thus solidified, laying the groundwork for the later Ottoman-Portuguese Indian Ocean War.