Champa rice

Timeline

1. c. 1012–1080Fujian Circuit and Huainan · FujianThe Northern Song court introduced early-ripening, drought-tolerant rice from Champa, successfully trial-planted in Fujian and Huainan; with a growing period of about a hundred-odd days, it could be harvested before late rice, opening space for double-cropping.
2. c. 1100–1127Liangzhe Circuit and Jiangdong Circuit · JiangnanFrom the late 11th to early 12th century, Champa rice spread along the lower Yangtze into Liangzhe and Jiangxi; local officials and farmers summarized experience in early-rice transplanting, irrigation, and storage, forming a complementary double-cropping rhythm with late rice.
3. 1141–1150Around Lin'an prefecture and Liangzhe grain-transport region · Liangzhe CircuitAfter the 1141 peace settlement the Southern Song established its capital at Lin'an; Champa early rice had become one of the leading varieties in Liangzhe, Fujian, and Jiangxi, and with late-rice rotation supported the large urban population and grain transport for court and army. Its promotion in this window increased Jiangnan grain surpluses, providing an agricultural foundation for maritime trade and handicraft prosperity.