Ottoman Bronze Cannon

Timeline

1. c. 1453Constantinople · Byzantine/Ottoman capitalDuring the 1453 siege of Constantinople, the Ottomans bombarded the walls with giant bronze cannons cast by the Hungarian founder Urban and others, establishing segmented bronze casting and large-caliber siege guns as central to the empire's military engineering.
2. 1570–1571Famagusta · CyprusDuring the Ottoman siege of Famagusta in 1570–1571, the army bombarded Venetian fortresses with bronze siege guns; at the Battle of Lepanto in October 1571, Ottoman galleasses were also equipped with large numbers of bronze naval guns, and despite heavy defeat by the allied fleet, this showed the Ottoman navy's dependence on bronze cannon at the time.
3. 1572–1580Ottoman Empire · Ottoman EmpireWhen rebuilding its fleet after Lepanto, the Ottomans continued to use bronze naval guns but gradually increased the proportion of lighter-caliber pieces; in the late 1570s, giant bronze cannons continued to arm fortresses in the Balkans and along the Mediterranean coast, shaping the empire's defensive arrangements along its Venetian and Habsburg frontiers.