Emperor Aizong of Jin

Timeline

1. 1198–1223Zhongdu · North ChinaWanyan Shouxu was the younger brother of Emperor Zhangzong of Jin, growing up under the title Prince of Wei amid worsening internal and external crises; he acceded in 1223 after the death of his brother Emperor Xuanzong, becoming the key decision-maker in the dynasty's final years.
2. 1223–1230Bianjing · KaifengAfter acceding, Aizong continued the policy of moving the capital to Bianjing under Mongol pressure, reformed military administration, allied with the Southern Song to tie down the Mongols, and organized several defensive campaigns in the late 1220s, but could no longer reverse the Jin's strategic passivity.
3. 1231–1234Caizhou · ZhumadianIn 1232 Mongol and Song forces besieged Bianjing, where food ran out and plague broke out. The city fell in 1234; Aizong first fled north to Caizhou and hanged himself before Caizhou fell, formally ending the Jin dynasty, as the northern political order passed into a Mongol-dominated era.