Hohokam Irrigated Agricultural Society of the 1120s

Timeline

1. c. 1121–1126Salt River Valley · Maricopa CountyHohokam communities continuously dredged and extended canals to bring water to maize, legume, and gourd fields; individual canals could reach several kilometers, supporting agricultural settlement at population densities rare in a desert environment.
2. c. 1123–1128Snaketown · Pinal CountyPlatform mounds, ball courts, and burial areas indicate social stratification and ritual authority; leading families may have integrated villages across the basin by controlling water distribution and ceremonial activities.
3. c. 1125–1130Gila River basin · ArizonaShells from the Gulf of California, parrots from western Mexico, and stone from the Pacific coast reached Hohokam settlements via trade routes, showing long-standing ties with cultural spheres further south and west; exchange remained active in the 1120s.