Papal Schism of 1130 (Innocent II vs. Anacletus II)

Timeline

1. 1130Rome · RomePope Honorius II died on 13 February 1130. The next day a faction of cardinals hastily elected Gregorio Papareschi as Innocent II; the majority promptly elected Pietro Pierleoni as Anacletus II. Two popes now stood in Rome.
2. 1130–1133France · FranceAnacletus, backed by the Pierleoni family and the citizens of Rome, controlled the Holy City; unable to establish himself, Innocent fled to France. Bernard of Clairvaux defended his legitimacy at courts across Europe; German King Lothair III also recognized him and in 1133 escorted Innocent into Rome to crown himself emperor.
3. 1130Palermo · SicilyRoger II of Sicily recognized Anacletus, who at the end of 1130 granted him the title King of Sicily. Southern Italy became the antipope's most important secular pillar, entangling the papal schism with the founding of the Kingdom of Sicily.
4. 1138Rome · RomeAnacletus II died in January 1138, and his successor Victor IV soon abdicated. Innocent II recovered Rome, the schism effectively ended, and it was formally declared over in canon law at the Second Lateran Council the following year.