Decline of the Pala Dynasty and the Kaivarta Rebellion (1070s)

Timeline

1. 1071–1074Magadha · BiharDuring Vigrahapala III's reign, Pala control over local magnates weakened, tax and military service burdens increased, and social tensions accumulated in the Bengal delta and the Bihar plains, creating conditions for the subsequent peasant uprising.
2. 1075Bengal delta · BengalThe Kaivarta caste leader Ramapala launched an uprising, overthrew Mahipala II, and briefly established a regime. Pala royal authority suffered a fatal blow, the central army disintegrated, and local separatist powers declared independence one after another.
3. 1076–1080Western Bengal · BengalThe Sena dynasty took advantage of Pala internal disorder to push into eastern Bengal, while the Gahadavalas established an independent kingdom in southern Bihar. By around 1080 the Pagan empire existed in name only, with only scattered remnants, and the political landscape of eastern India entered a phase of Sena–Gahadavala rivalry.