← Explore on the interactive map

Scottish Covenanter Army

Type Object Region Europe Time 1640–1651

The armed force mobilized by Scottish Presbyterians after the 1638 National Covenant movement, allied with the English Parliamentarians during the 16…

Timeline

  1. 1640–1641Edinburgh · EdinburghThe Covenanter army defeated Charles I's forces in the Second Bishops' War, occupied Newcastle and elsewhere, and forced the king to convene the Long Parliament, establishing its leverage in the British political and military arena.
  2. 1643–1645northern England · EnglandAfter signing the Solemn League in 1643 the Covenanter army marched south to support the Parliamentarians; in 1644 it took part in the decisive battle of Marston Moor, defeating the Royalist main force, with generals such as Alexander Leslie and David Leslie coordinating cavalry and pike formations.
  3. 1645–1650Dunbar · East LothianIn 1645 the Covenanter army defeated the Royalist Highland army led by James Graham, Marquess of Montrose, at Dunbar, consolidating Presbyterian rule. Relations with the English Parliamentarians then deteriorated over religious and constitutional disputes, and the army became embroiled in Scottish factional struggles.

Sources