Shah Rukh succeeds Timur (1405)

Timeline

1. 1405Otrar (Farab) · KazakhstanTimur died at Otrar and designated his grandson Pir Muhammad as heir, but Khalil Sultan immediately declared himself independent at Tashkent, seized the imperial treasury, and occupied Samarkand. The empire's core region fell into a power vacuum, and lords of each appanage declared independence one after another.
2. 1405Herat · Herat ProvinceShah Rukh, Timur's youngest son and long-serving governor of Khorasan, consolidated his military and political base at Herat and claimed to inherit Timur's authority. He first adopted a defensive posture against threats from all sides, dispatching troops to repel foreign invasions, accumulating strength for later unification of the empire.
3. 1405–1409Transoxiana · TransoxianaIn 1405 Shah Rukh led his army to assemble along the Amu Darya line but did not immediately attack Khalil Sultan, and the two sides entered a long standoff. After Pir Muhammad was defeated and killed in 1406, Shah Rukh became the most powerful orthodox heir, finally capturing Samarkand in 1409 and ending the first Timurid war of succession.