Philip I's Rule of France (1090s)

Timeline

1. 1091–1095Paris · FrancePhilip I's directly controlled lands were limited to the Île-de-France and its surroundings; great vassals such as Normandy, Anjou, and Burgundy were effectively independent of royal authority. The king played the role of mediator rather than master in vassal disputes.
2. 1092–1095Paris · FranceIn 1092, Philip I abandoned Queen Bertha and took up with Countess Berengaria of Burgundy, drawing ecclesiastical condemnation and a sentence of excommunication; he was only restored to communion after mediation by a church council in 1095.
3. 1095–1100Clermont · AuvergneAfter the Council of Clermont in 1095, many French vassals responded to the crusade call and went east. Philip himself did not go on crusade, but the large-scale expeditions of the French nobility profoundly affected the political landscape of Western Europe.