Aftermath of Russia's Time of Troubles and Romanov Consolidation in the 1620s

Timeline

1. 1621–1623Moscow Kremlin · RussiaMikhail Fyodorovich Romanov continued to consolidate his throne around 1621, clearing out local separatism and remnants of pretenders left over from the Time of Troubles; the Deulino Truce of 1618 gave Russia a breathing space, and in the early 1620s the court set about restoring taxation, rebuilding the standing army, and repairing relations with Sweden and Poland.
2. 1623–1627Moscow · RussiaFyodor Romanov (Filaret), returned from captivity in Poland in 1619, served as Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia and effectively directed government in the 1620s; he strengthened the unity of church and state, pushed the boyars toward loyalty to the tsar, and reorganized diplomacy to meet Polish and Swedish pressure.
3. 1627–1630Russia's southern frontier · RussiaIn the late 1620s, the Romanov regime strengthened the southern defenses against Crimean Tatar raids and rebuilt local administration and the military-service system; by the end of the 1620s Russia had recovered basic unity from the fragmentation of the Time of Troubles, laying the political foundation for further expansion in the 1630s.