Song dynasty rice cultivars

Timeline

1. c. 1012–1030Huainan, Liangzhe · LiangzheUnder Zhenzong, Champa rice spread northward from Fujian and Guangdong and was promoted in Jianghuai through government agricultural encouragement; its early-maturing, drought-tolerant traits allowed some areas to achieve rice-wheat double cropping or rice-rice rotation.
2. 1081–1090Jiangnan East Circuit · Jiangnan East CircuitLocal agricultural books and gazetteers began systematically recording names and suitable growing conditions of early indica, late indica, glutinous rice, and other strains; farmers further differentiated local varieties through seed selection, seedling raising, and supporting waterworks, raising the multiple-cropping index.
3. c. 1127–1279Liangzhe and Fujian · FujianAfter the Southern Song settled in Jiangnan, works such as Chen Fu's Nong Shu summarized experience in seedling raising, fertilization, and variety pairing, consolidating multi-cropping and high-yield rice models along the southeast coast.