Siege of Harfleur

Timeline

1. 1415Harfleur · NormandyHenry V led some 12,000 English troops across from Southampton and landed in Normandy, quickly surrounding Harfleur and cutting off the Seine estuary channel to prevent French reinforcement by sea. The French commander Jean d'Estivet (d'Estouteville) held the city with about 2,000 defenders.
2. 1415Walls of Harfleur · NormandyThe English continuously bombarded the walls with siege guns and launched repeated infantry assaults. The French repaired the defenses and repelled the attacks, but dysentery and other diseases broke out in the city, casualties among defenders and civilians mounted daily, and supplies grew ever scarcer.
3. 1415Harfleur · NormandyWith food exhausted, plague rampant, and large sections of the walls breached by bombardment, the garrison surrendered. Henry V, following medieval custom, allowed the defenders to withdraw on conditions but expelled a large number of residents. After occupying this strategic port, the English began planning an overland retreat toward Calais and subsequent operations.