Bolesław III Wrymouth

Timeline

1. 1086–1102Kraków · PolandBorn in 1086 into the Polish Piast dynasty; during the reign of his father Władysław I Herman, Bolesław and his half-brother Zbigniew jointly served as junior dukes, and their conflict over the succession ran throughout his youth.
2. 1102–1122Pomerania · PomeraniaDefeated and exiled Zbigniew in 1107, completing the unification of Poland; then launched a long war of conquest against Pomerania, finally incorporating it into Polish territory in 1122 and promoting its Christianization.
3. 1109–1138Kraków · PolandSuccessfully organized resistance against Henry V's invasion in 1109, defending Głogów; in his later years he devoted himself to consolidating dynastic rule. In 1138 he issued the Testament of Bolesław, dividing Poland among his four sons and establishing the system of senioral duchy, which opened nearly two centuries of feudal fragmentation in Poland.