Stained Glass Window Craft

Timeline

1. c. 1100–1180France and England · Western EuropeBody-colored glass (pot metal), simple narrative window panels, and lead came division were gradually perfected in Romanesque churches, providing the technical foundation for larger window openings and more complex image programs.
2. 1190Chartres · FranceChartres Cathedral was rapidly rebuilt after the 1194 fire; its west facade and aisle windows are noted for deep blue grounds and narrative imagery, marking the mature 12th-century application of stained glass in scale, color layering, and theological program.
3. c. 1195–1220Canterbury and the Rhineland · United KingdomWorks such as the Trinity window at Canterbury demonstrate grisaille and colored overlay techniques; networks of glassmakers' workshops spread window programs and lead came craft to emerging Gothic building sites in Germany and northern Europe.