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Treaty of Bärwalde
On January 23, 1631, France and Sweden signed an alliance treaty at Bärwalde in Brandenburg (now Mieszkowice, Poland), with Catholic France pledging …
Timeline
- 1630–1631Pomerania, Brandenburg · BrandenburgAfter King Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden landed in Pomerania in July 1630, France's chief minister Richelieu actively promoted a Franco-Swedish alliance to check Habsburg hegemony. French envoy Charnacé and Swedish chancellor Oxenstierna reached a framework agreement after multiple rounds of consultations on the amount of financial subsidies, war aims, and France's principle of neutrality.
- 1631Bärwalde · BrandenburgFrench envoy Charnacé and the Swedish representatives formally signed the Treaty of Bärwalde: France pledged to pay Sweden about 400,000 livres in war subsidies annually for five years; Sweden pledged to maintain at least 30,000 infantry and 6,000 cavalry in Germany. The two sides agreed to respect Catholic worship, reflecting France's balance-of-power diplomatic logic transcending religious positions.
Sources
- The Thirty Years War — Peter H. Wilson (2009)
- Richelieu and the French Monarchy — C. V. Wedgwood (1949)