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Aftermath of the Orthodox–Catholic Union Negotiations

Type Event Region Europe Time 1440–1449

After the Union of Florence was signed in 1439, the 1440s became the critical test of whether the union of the Eastern and Western churches could be …

Timeline

  1. 1440–1443Constantinople · ByzantineAfter the Byzantine delegation returned home, the people and monks of Constantinople protested the union decree; Mark of Ephesus refused to recognize papal primacy and the filioque, and an open split formed within Orthodoxy.
  2. 1443–1446Central Europe · Central EuropeByzantium's hope of trading acceptance of the union for Western military aid against the Ottomans went unfulfilled: the crusade of Varna ended in disaster in 1444, and the papacy and Christian states such as Hungary and Poland failed to provide effective support, weakening the union's political base among the Byzantine ruling class.
  3. 1448Moscow · RussiaIn 1448 Moscow elected Jonah as patriarch on its own, no longer recognizing the authority of the patriarch of Constantinople; the Russian Church broke completely with the Union of Florence, further solidifying the East–West schism.

Sources