Buda after its recapture

Timeline

1. 1686Buda Castle · BudaAfter the relief of Vienna in 1683, Habsburg and Holy League forces advanced along the Danube. In the summer of 1686, troops under Charles V of Lorraine and Maximilian Emmanuel of Bavaria besieged Ottoman Buda, capturing the castle on September 2 after bombardment, mining, and assault. The Ottoman garrison and many urban buildings were destroyed in the fighting; this Danube fortress changed hands, ending some 145 years of Ottoman rule.
2. 1686–1690Buda Castle district · BudaBuda after its capture was almost a ruin, with its population sharply reduced. The Habsburgs garrisoned Castle Hill, repaired the walls and powder magazine, and recruited German Catholic settlers and returning Hungarian residents. The city's function shifted from an Ottoman administrative-commercial center to a frontline fortress and site of re-Catholicization; the German name Ofen was used alongside the Hungarian Buda in imperial documents.
3. 1699–1700Buda · BudaThe 1699 Treaty of Karlowitz forced the Ottomans to recognize Habsburg rule over most of Hungary, and Buda's status as a Danube fortress capital on recaptured territory was internationally confirmed. The castle remained garrisoned, administrative and ecclesiastical institutions returned, and the city began shifting from a military camp toward reconstruction under long-term Habsburg governance, laying the foundation for the Buda–Pest twin-city pattern of the 18th century.