Structure of the Russian Orthodox Church

Timeline

1. 1325Moscow · RussiaMetropolitan Peter moved his residence to Moscow, bringing the ecclesiastical hierarchy into alignment with the political center of the Grand Principality of Moscow and laying the geographical foundation for the later "Third Rome" ideology.
2. 1390–1406Moscow · RussiaDuring Cyprian's time as metropolitan he integrated the Moscow and Kiev metropolitanates, unified the management of church property and liturgical norms, and from 1401 to 1406 continued to consolidate jurisdiction over the metropolitanates of Novgorod, Pskov, and others.
3. 1401–1410Moscow · RussiaThe church hierarchy worked closely with Grand Prince Vasily I; the metropolitan presided over major ceremonies in the Kremlin, and the monastery network (such as the Trinity Monastery) supplied the metropolitanate with personnel and land, stabilizing the dual structure of church and state.
4. 1410Moscow · RussiaPhotius succeeded as metropolitan of Moscow after Cyprian's death, continuing the policy of metropolitanate unification and supporting the development of icon painting and architecture, marking a new phase in the church's institutional development.