Ilkhanate–Mamluk Border Wars

Timeline

1. 1271–1276Upper Euphrates · West AsiaIlkhan frontier forces and Mamluk vassals repeatedly raided both banks of the Euphrates and northern Mesopotamia, contesting trade routes and fortresses, but no decisive battle had yet formed.
2. 1277Elbistan · TurkeyOn 15 April, Baybars defeated the Mongol–Georgian allied force sent by the Ilkhan under commanders including Tüdawün at Elbistan. The Mamluks then occupied Kayseri but withdrew to Syria for lack of supplies and political conditions. This was a Mamluk victory, not a Mongol tactical victory.
3. 1278–1279Aleppo frontier · SyriaAfter Baybars's death the Mamluks fell into internal division; the Ilkhan seized the opportunity to attack the Syrian frontier again, but neither side could break the Euphrates–southern Anatolia line.