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Murad II

Type Figure Region Ottoman Empire Time 1404–1451 Also known as Osman Murad

Murad II (1404–1451), sixth Ottoman sultan, reigned twice; he consolidated Anatolia and the Balkans, defeated a Polish-Hungarian coalition at Varna, …

Timeline

  1. 1404–1421Amasya · Ottoman EmpireAs grandson of Bayezid I and son of Mehmed I, he grew up in Anatolia, accumulating military and political experience at Amasya amid sibling rivalries, laying the foundation for his accession in 1421.
  2. 1421–1444Edirne · Ottoman EmpireAfter suppressing internal unrest he moved the capital to Edirne and advanced against Serbia, Albania and Byzantine remnants; in the 1430s he repeatedly contended with the Kingdom of Hungary in the Balkans, fathered Mehmed in 1432, and steadily strengthened control over Thrace and the lower Danube.
  3. 1444–1451Manisa · Ottoman EmpireBefore campaigning against Hungary in 1444 he abdicated in favor of his twelve-year-old son Mehmed II; after the great victory at Varna, a border crisis led him to ascend the throne again in 1446, reigning until his death in 1451 as the imperial military-administrative apparatus further matured.

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