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Korean Envoy Missions to Ming and Later Jin in the 1620s
In the 1620s, as Ming power waned and the Later Jin (precursor to Qing) rose, Joseon shifted diplomatic course between Gwanghaegun and Injo, moving f…
Timeline
- 1620–1622Hanseong · Korean PeninsulaGwanghaegun formally maintained tributary relations with Ming while secretly sending envoys to the Later Jin; in 1620, during Ming's Liaodong campaign, he refused Ming's request for troops, provoking Ming court displeasure.
- 1623–1626Beijing · ChinaAfter the 1623 coup, Injo's regime re-emphasized 'serving the great' toward Ming, restoring and strengthening tribute and congratulatory envoys; in 1624 an envoy was sent to congratulate the accession of the Tianqi Emperor, reaffirming the suzerain-vassal relationship.
- 1627–1630Shenyang (Shengjing) · NortheastAfter the 1627 Dingo Disturbance, Joseon was forced to submit and pay tribute to the Later Jin while secretly maintaining ties with Ming; envoy activity in the late 1620s reflected Korea's difficult balancing act between Ming and Later Jin, until the 1636 Bingzi Disturbance again reshaped the situation.
Sources
- Joseon missions to Imperial China https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Imperial_China
- Foreign relations of the Joseon dynasty https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Joseon_dynasty