Christian II of Denmark

Timeline

1. 1501–1510Copenhagen · DenmarkFrom 1501 he served as regent of Norway and, as heir to the Danish throne, took part in Nordic affairs. During this period he clashed repeatedly with the Swedish regent Sten Sten Sture the Younger over borders and union power, sowing the seeds of his later struggle for the Swedish crown.
2. 1513–1523Stockholm · SwedenSucceeded John as King of Denmark in 1513 and, after years of war, was crowned King of Sweden in 1520. He pursued harsh centralizing policies; the 1520 Stockholm Bloodbath, in which opposing nobles were executed, triggered a large-scale Swedish uprising and ultimately his deposition.
3. 1523–1559Netherlands · Low CountriesAfter being deposed by the parliament in 1523, he went into exile in the Netherlands and made several unsuccessful attempts to regain the throne. In his later years he lived on support from Habsburg relatives and died in the Netherlands in 1559; the Kalmar Union had effectively collapsed.