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Mongol Preparations for the Westward Expedition
In 1219, after formally declaring war on Khwarazm, Genghis Khan massed troops, arranged logistics, and reorganized princes and generals across the Mo…
Timeline
- 1219Mongolian Steppe · Mongolian SteppeGenghis Khan ordered the thousands, hundreds, and imperial princes to gather with their troops, conscripting forces from vassal tribes. Historical records put the expeditionary force at roughly 100,000 to 200,000 men, one of the largest expeditions in Mongolian history.
- 1219Altai Mountain passes (departure line of the westward expedition) · NorthwestThe army completed preparations of grain, fodder, horses, and siege equipment. Genghis Khan assigned commanders to each route and planned an advance on Khwarazm through Central Asia, leading the main force westward in autumn 1219 as the expedition formally entered its implementation phase.
Sources
- Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles) — Rashid al-Din
- The Mongol Warlords: Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, Hulegu, Tamerlane — David Nicolle (1998)