Champa Maritime Trade

Timeline

1. 1071–1075Hoi An port (ancient Champa port town) · Hoi AnChampa ports used sailing vessels to connect Chinese merchant ships with ports of the Nanyang; local specialties such as agarwood, ivory, and betel nut were distributed here. Northern Song maritime trade office records show Champa envoys and merchant ships frequently arriving to pay tribute and trade, making the port towns a transshipment hub on the eastern Indochinese coast.
2. 1074–1078Guangzhou–Champa route · Champa sea routesDuring the Xining era of the Northern Song, Champa repeatedly sent envoys bearing tribute gifts and received silk and porcelain in return. Champa merchant ships traveled seasonally between Guangzhou, Quanzhou, and their home ports, forming a pattern in which institutionalized tribute trade and private commerce ran in parallel.
3. 1077–1080Quy Nhon–Java route junction area · Quy NhonSouthern Champa ports maintained close contact with Srivijaya and Arab merchants, and luxury goods such as agarwood were re-exported through them to China and beyond. In the later 11th century, Champa's position as a Southeast Asian shipping node was further consolidated by the flourishing of Indian Ocean–China trade.