Chichimec Migration

Timeline

1. 1161–1164Northern Chihuahua and Zacatecas · NorthChichimec hunter-gatherer and nomadic tribes, under climatic pressure and contact with settled agricultural societies to the south, began pushing south along river valleys and trade roads into today's north-central Mexico frontier.
2. 1165–1168Bajío region · BajíoMigrating tribes traded, intermarried, and clashed with remnant Toltec descendants and local farming settlements; the Chichimec gradually learned agricultural techniques and city-state political models, and cultural boundaries began to blur.
3. 1169–1170Northern edge of Mexico's central plateau · Central PlateauBy the decade's end, some Chichimec tribes had established semi-sedimentary settlements on the plateau's northern rim, laying the groundwork for further southward advances in the 12th-13th centuries and participation in struggles over the Teotihuacan-Toltec legacy zone.