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Nubian Kingdom of Makuria
In the 1190s, the Christian Nubian Kingdom of Makuria, with its capital at Dongola, remained independent and at peace with Egypt's Ayyubid dynasty un…
Timeline
- 1190–1195Dongola · SudanUnder the Baqt treaty (concluded in 651 and renewed several times thereafter), Makuria maintained non-belligerent relations with Egypt, exchanging slaves, ivory, animal hides, and Egyptian manufactures via camel caravan routes and Nile shipping.
- 1195–1199Nubia · NubiaChurches and monasteries in the kingdom continued to operate, with Old Nubian and Coptic rites used side by side, and agricultural communities spread along the Nile oases—one of the last periods of stability before the decline of Nubian Christian civilization.
Sources
- Makuria https://www.britannica.com/place/Makuria
- Medieval Nubia: A Social and Economic History — Giovanni Ruffini (2012)