Timurid Succession Struggle

Timeline

1. 1447–1448Herat · AfghanistanAfter Shah Rukh died, his son Ala al-Dawla declared himself ruler in Herat, while Ulugh Beg in Samarkand and Ibrahim Sultan in Mashad each governed independently, plunging the Timurid Empire into fragmentation and civil war.
2. 1448–1449Samarkand · UzbekistanUlugh Beg and Ala al-Dawla fought repeatedly in Central Asia; Ulugh Beg was at one point defeated and placed under house arrest, and after his son Abd al-Latif staged a coup and briefly took power, the succession struggle further intensified the empire's division.
3. 1449Central Asia · Central AsiaAfter Ulugh Beg's assassination in 1449, the Timurid Empire had no sultan capable of ruling the whole realm; the various vassal territories governed independently, and the empire as a unified political entity effectively ended.